When a free-floating body is placed in an offshore marine environment, environment force and moments act on the body, tending to cause it to translate and rotate. The environment element which generate the force and moment include wind, current and waves.
The distinguishing feature of a dynamic positioning system is the use of measured posiiton to generate counter force commands to mantain the position of the vessel near the desired location, i.e., feedback control. Although not an eplicit part of position control, the heading of the vessel must be controlled so that the attitude of the vessel with respect to the environment elements can be maintained in a controoled manner.
Refference : Max J. Morgan. Dynamic Positioning of Offshore Vessels.
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